ABSTRACT
Abstract Emotional intelligence (EI) is a psychological skill that aids athletes in the control of emotions and optimization of sports performance. The present study investigated the psychometric properties of the Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT) in 508 Brazilian youth and adult athletes (mean age 18.55±4.68 years). Data analysis was conducted through Exploratory (EFA) and Confirmatory (CFA) Factor Analysis, Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability and Pearson's Correlation (p<0.05). EFA revealed the one-factor model with 26 items with the best adjustment. CFA confirmed the one-factor model with 26 items with best greater fit. No evidence of invariance was found, suggesting that the SSEIT must be used with caution when comparing gender and age groups. The external validity was found in the correlation of EI and cognitive anxiety and self-confidence. It is concluded that the Brazilian version of SSEIT for the sports context presented acceptable psychometric properties, however, showed limitations that should be explored in the future.
Resumen La inteligencia emocional (IE) es una habilidad psicológica que ayuda a los atletas a controlar las emociones y optimizar el rendimiento deportivo. El presente estudio investigó las propiedades psicométricas de la Prueba de Inteligencia Emocional de Autoinforme (SSEIT) en 508 atletas jóvenes y adultos brasileños (edad media 18.55 ± 4.68 años). El análisis de los datos se realizó a través del análisis factorial exploratorio (EFA) y confirmatorio (CFA), alfa de Cronbach, fiabilidad compuesta y correlación de Pearson (p <.05). EFA reveló el modelo de un factor con 26 artículos con el mejor ajuste. CFA confirmó el modelo de un factor con 26 ítems con el mejor ajuste mayor. No se encontró evidencia de invariancia, lo que sugiere que el SSEIT debe usarse con precaución al comparar grupos de genero y edad. La validez externa se encontró en la correlación de la IE y la ansiedad cognitiva y la autoconfianza. Se concluye que la versión brasileña de SSEIT para el contexto deportivo presentó propiedades psicométricas aceptables, sin embargo, mostró limitaciones que deberían explorarse en el futuro.
ABSTRACT
Este estudo transversal investigou a motivação, o bem-estar e a autoestima entre 31 praticantes (24 mulheres e 7 homens) com média de idade de 30,41 anos (± 7,85) de três modalidades de exercício (treinamento funcional (n=10), musculação com (n=11) e sem (n=10) personal trainer) de academias das cidades de Petrolina (PE) e Juazeiro (BA). Foram utilizados a Escala de Bem-Estar Subjetivo, a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg e o Questionário de Regulação de Conduta no Exercício 2. Os resultados evidenciaram que os praticantes de treinamento funcional apresentaram maior afeto positivo e menor escore de regulação identificada (r=-0,34) do que os praticantes de musculação com e sem personal. Verificaram-se as seguintes correlações significativas: afeto positivo com regulação identificada (r = -0,34), regulação introjetada (r = -0,31) e regulação externa (r = -0,30); e satisfação com a vida com regulação identificada (r = -0,28). Pode-se concluir que o tipo de exercício pode ser considerado um fator interveniente no afeto positivo e na identificação do indivíduo com o exercício, e que o afeto positivo está inversamente associado às regulações da motivação.
Current transversal study investigates motivation, well-being and self-esteem between 31 people (24 females and 7 males), mean age 30.41 years (± 7.85), practising three modalities (functional training (n=10), bodybuilding (n=11) and without personal trainer (n=10)) in gyms in Petrolina and Juazeiro, Brazil. Subjective Well-Being Scale, Rosemberg´s Self-Esteen Scale and the Questionnaire of Conduct regulation in Exercise 2 were assessed. Practitioners of functional training had the highest positive rate and the least score in identified regulation (r=-0.34) when compared to bodybuilding with or without personal trainers. Significant co-relationships occurred: positive affection with identified regulation (r = -0.34), introjected regulation (r = -0.31) and external regulation (r = -0.30); and satisfaction with life with identified regulation (r = -0.28). The type of exercise may be considered an intervening factor in positive affection and in the individual´s identification with the exercise. Moreover, positive affection is inversely associated with motivation regulations.